Pol pot death
Friday, August 28, 2015
Thursday, August 13, 2015
Thursday, August 6, 2015
S. typhi Vi Suspension S. typhi Vi Standard Serum
Fièvre Typhoïde | Santé Diététique
la fièvre typhoïde
S. typhi Vi
Suspension
S.
typhi Vi
Standard Serum
S. typhi Vi
Suspension for the quantitative detection of specific Salmonella antibodies in
sera S. typhi Vi
Standard Serum for the standardisation of the agglutination tests using Vi
suspensions
INTENDED USE
Remel
S. typhi Vi
Suspension (SS20/30953901) is intended for the quantitative detection of
specific Salmonella antibodies in sera for epidemiological purposes to assist
in the diagnosis of carriers.
Remel
S. typhi Vi
Standard Serum (AM30/30951401) is a freeze-dried hyperimmune horse serum
intended for the standardisation of agglutination tests using Vi suspension.
REAGENTS
DESCRIPTION, PREPARATION FOR USE AND
RECOMMENDED STORAGE CONDITIONS
Remel
S. typhi Vi
Suspension is standardised to contain
approximately 1010 bacteria per ml and is
preserved with 0.25% formalin and 0.01%thiomersal. Each bottle contains 5 ml liquid and is ready to use.
The
Remel S.
typhi Vi Standard Serum is horse serum
containing antibodies to S.
typhi Vi preserved with 0.01% thiomersal.
Stored
in the dark at 2 to 8°C the suspension and freeze-dried Standard Serum will
retain their reactivity at least until the date shown on the bottle label.
The
freeze-dried Standard Serum should be reconstituted for use in 1 ml of
distilled water and
further diluted with 3 ml saline.
Suitable
aliquots of this 1/4 dilution may be stored at –15°C to –25°C until required.
ANALYTICAL PRECAUTIONS
1. Do not use the reagents beyond the stated expiry date.
Microbiological and serological contamination must be avoided as this may cause erroneous results and
reduce product life.
2. Do not modify the test procedure, incubation times or temperatures.
3. Allow all reagents and samples to come to room temperature
(18 to 30°C) before use. After use return to 2 to 8°C in the dark.
4. Do not expose reagents to strong light during storage and incubation times.
5. Care must be taken not to cross-contaminate reagents.
6. If the suspension becomes rough or fails to agglutinate with its
homologous specific serum it should be discarded.
7. The suspension must be shaken thoroughly before use to ensure
that organisms are evenly suspended.
SPECIMEN COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
SPECIMEN COLLECTION
Serum
samples may be used.
Blood
collected by venous puncture should be allowed to clot naturally.
Care
should be taken to ensure that the serum samples
are fully clotted. Do not inactivate serum
samples.
SPECIMEN TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
Store
samples at 2 to 8°C.
TEST PROCEDURE
1.
Set up a row of eight tubes for each serum tested,
including the Standard Serum.
nPipette
1.8 ml of saline into the first tube in each row and 1.0 ml into every other
tube.
nAdd
0.2 ml of test serum or diluted Standard Serum to the first tube of the
appropriate row.
nMix
the contents of tube 1 and transfer 1 ml to tube 2.
nRepeat
for each tube up to but not including tube 8, finally discarding 1 ml from tube
7.
INTENDED USE
Remel
S. typhi Vi
Suspension (SS20/30953901) is intended for the quantitative detection of
specific Salmonella antibodies in sera for epidemiological purposes to assist
in the diagnosis of carriers.
Remel
S. typhi Vi
Standard Serum (AM30/30951401) is a freeze-dried hyperimmune horse serum
intended for the standardisation of agglutination tests using Vi suspension.
REAGENTS
DESCRIPTION, PREPARATION FOR USE AND
RECOMMENDED STORAGE CONDITIONS
Remel
S. typhi Vi
Suspension is standardised to contain
approximately 1010 bacteria per ml and is
preserved with 0.25% formalin and 0.01%thiomersal. Each bottle contains 5 ml liquid and is ready to use.
The
Remel S.
typhi Vi Standard Serum is horse serum
containing antibodies to S.
typhi Vi preserved with 0.01% thiomersal.
Stored
in the dark at 2 to 8°C the suspension and freeze-dried Standard Serum will
retain their reactivity at least until the date shown on the bottle label.
The
freeze-dried Standard Serum should be reconstituted for use in 1 ml of
distilled water and
further diluted with 3 ml saline.
Suitable
aliquots of this 1/4 dilution may be stored at –15°C to –25°C until required.
ANALYTICAL PRECAUTIONS
1. Do not use the reagents beyond the stated expiry date.
Microbiological and serological contamination must be avoided as this may cause erroneous results and1. Do not use the reagents beyond the stated expiry date.
reduce product life.
2. Do not modify the test procedure, incubation times or temperatures.
3. Allow all reagents and samples to come to room temperature
(18 to 30°C) before use. After use return to 2 to 8°C in the dark.
4. Do not expose reagents to strong light during storage and incubation times.
5. Care must be taken not to cross-contaminate reagents.
6. If the suspension becomes rough or fails to agglutinate with its
homologous specific serum it should be discarded.
7. The suspension must be shaken thoroughly before use to ensure
that organisms are evenly suspended.
SPECIMEN COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
SPECIMEN COLLECTION
Serum samples may be used.
Blood collected by venous puncture should be allowed to clot naturally.
Care should be taken to ensure that the serum samples
are fully clotted. Do not inactivate serum samples.
SPECIMEN COLLECTION
Serum samples may be used.
Blood collected by venous puncture should be allowed to clot naturally.
Care should be taken to ensure that the serum samples
are fully clotted. Do not inactivate serum samples.
SPECIMEN TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
Store samples at 2 to 8°C.
Store samples at 2 to 8°C.
TEST PROCEDURE
1. Set up a row of eight tubes for each serum tested,
including the Standard Serum.
nPipette 1.8 ml of saline into the first tube in each row and 1.0 ml into every other tube.
nAdd 0.2 ml of test serum or diluted Standard Serum to the first tube of the appropriate row.
1. Set up a row of eight tubes for each serum tested,
including the Standard Serum.
nPipette 1.8 ml of saline into the first tube in each row and 1.0 ml into every other tube.
nAdd 0.2 ml of test serum or diluted Standard Serum to the first tube of the appropriate row.
nMix
the contents of tube 1 and transfer 1 ml to tube 2.
nRepeat for each tube up to but not including tube 8, finally discarding 1 ml from tube 7.
nRepeat for each tube up to but not including tube 8, finally discarding 1 ml from tube 7.
Wednesday, August 5, 2015
White Blood Cell WBC
How White Blood Cells Work
|
Test
|
Name
|
Increased/decreased
|
|
White Blood Cell
|
May be
increased with infections, inflammation, cancer, leukemia; decreased
with some medications (such as methotrexate), some autoimmune conditions,
some severe infections, bone marrow failure, and congenital marrow
aplasia (marrow doesn't develop normally)
|
|
|
%
Neutrophil
|
Neutrophil/Band/Seg/Gran
|
This is
a dynamic population that varies somewhat from day to day depending on what
is going on in the body. Significant increases in particular types are
associated with different temporary/acute and/or chronic conditions. An example of this is
the increased number of lymphocytes seen with lymphocytic leukemia. For more
information, see Blood Smear and WBC.
|
|
Lymphs
|
||
|
% Mono
|
||
|
% Eos
|
||
|
% Baso
|
||
|
Neutrophil
|
Neutrophil/Ban/Seg/Gran
|
|
|
Lymphs
|
Lymphocyte
|
|
|
Mono
|
Monocyte
|
|
|
Eos
|
Eosinophil
|
|
|
Baso
|
Basophil
|
|
|
Red Blood Cell
|
||
|
Hemoglobin
|
Mirrors
RBC results
|
|
|
Hematocrit
|
Mirrors
RBC results
|
|
|
MCV
|
Mean
Corpuscular Volume
|
Increased
with B12 and Folate deficiency;
decreased with iron deficiency and thalassemia
|
|
MCH
|
Mean
Corpuscular Hemoglobin
|
Mirrors
MCV results
|
|
MCHC
|
Mean
Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
|
May be
decreased when MCV is decreased; increases limited to amount of Hgb that will
fit inside a RBC
|
|
RDW
|
RBC
Distribution Width
|
Increased
RDW indicates mixed population of RBCs; immature RBCs tend to be larger
|
|
Platelet
|
Decreased or increased with conditions that affect
platelet production; decreased when greater numbers used, as with bleeding;
decreased with some inherited disorders (such as Wiskott-Aldrich,
Bernard-Soulier), with Systemic lupus erythematosus,
pernicious anemia,
hypersplenism (spleen takes too many out of circulation), leukemia, and
chemotherapy
|
|
|
MPV
|
Mean
Platelet Volume
|
Vary
with platelet production; younger platelets are larger than older ones
|
The study white blood cell in the body
The Silent Epidemic - Legal Prescription Drug Abuse
Not a lot of attention is paid to prescription drug abuse. But nearly 20 percent of Americans have used prescription drugs for nonmedicinal reasons. Three quarters of those may be abusing prescription drugs.
Between 1992 and 2002, the number of prescriptions written increased by 61 percent. In that same period, the number of prescriptions written for opiates increased by almost 400 percent.
The Baltimore Sun reports:
“According to a report ... by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hospitalizations for poisoning by prescription opioids, sedatives and tranquilizers jumped 65 percent from 1999 to 2006. One-third of new addicts report that their first drug experience was with prescription drugs
Secrets of Angkor Wat (Cambodia) A Hindu Temple
The visit angkor wat temple
បានផ្សព្វផ្សាយកាលពី 20 កុម្ភៈ 2015
Secrets of Angkor is 12th part of 12 episode series Secrets In The Dust Collectio
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